Who holds the most gold? The largest central bank reserves
The largest central bank gold reserves by country: the United States at 8,133 t, followed by Germany at 3,352 t, the IMF, Italy and France.
Who holds the most gold? The largest central bank reserves
Together, central banks hold roughly a fifth of all the gold ever mined. The United States sit at the top with 8,133 tonnes — more than the next three countries combined, with Germany, the IMF, Italy and France following.
Source: World Gold Council / IMF, as of 2025. Figures and order (ranks 6–12 in particular) shift with ongoing central bank purchases — active buyers such as China, India and Poland keep adding to their holdings.
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